(O Heading) Copy ## of ## copies

Issuing headquarters

Place of issue

Date-time group of signature

Message reference number

(Note) Include the full heading if attachment is distributed separately from the base order or higher-level attachment.

(Annex Title) ANNEX N (SPACE OPERATIONS) TO OPERATION PLAN/ORDER [number] [(codename)]—[issuing headquarters] [(classification of title)]

(References) References: List documents essential to understanding the attachment.

List maps and charts first. Map entries include series number, country, sheet names or numbers, edition, and scale.

List other references in subparagraphs labeled as shown.

Doctrinal references for space operations include FM 3-14, FM 6-0, JP 3-14, and U.S. National Space Policy.

Time Zone Used Throughout the Order: Write the time zone established in the base plan or order.

(U Mil para) Situation. Include information affecting host-nation support that paragraph 1 of the OPLAN or OPORD does not cover or that needs expansion.

Area of Interest. Describe the area of interest as it relates to space operations. Refer to Annex B (Intelligence) as required.

Area of Operations. Refer to Appendix 2 (Operation Overlay) to Annex C (Operations).

Terrain. Describe the aspects of terrain that impact space operations such as terrain masking. Refer to Annex B (Intelligence) as required.

Weather. Describe the aspects of space and terrestrial weather that impact space operations. Refer to Annex B (Intelligence) as required.

Enemy Forces. List known locations and activities of enemy space capable assets and units. List enemy space capabilities that can impact friendly operations. State expected enemy courses of action and employment of enemy and commercial space assets. Refer to Annex B (Intelligence) as required.

Friendly Forces. Outline the higher headquarters’ plan for space operations and space support teams including but not limited to space support elements, Army space support teams, and an organic space weapons officer. List designation, location, and outline of plans of higher, adjacent, and other space operations-related assets that support or impact the issuing headquarters or require coordination and additional support. For example, the space coordinating authority and specified processes established for the area of responsibility.

Interagency, Intergovernmental, and Nongovernmental Organizations. Identify and describe other organizations in the area of operations that may impact the conduct of space operations or implementation of space-specific equipment, tactics, and capabilities. Consider all multinational, civil, and nongovernmental organizations such as civilian relief agencies and other customers and providers of space-based capabilities. Refer to Annex V (Interagency Coordination) as required.

Civil Considerations. Describe the aspects of the civil situation that impact space operations. Refer to Annex B (Intelligence) and Annex K (Civil Affairs Operations) as required.

Attachments and Detachments. List units attached or detached only as necessary to clarify task organization. Refer to Annex A (Task Organization) as required.

Assumptions. List space operations-specific assumptions that support the annex development.

Mission. State the mission of space operations in support of the base plan or order.

Execution.

Scheme of Space Operations. Describe how space capabilities support the commander’s intent and concept of operations. Establish the priorities of space support to units for each phase of the operation. For example, electromagnetic interference resolution and defended asset list. Also address unique space reliances or vulnerabilities related to unit systems and capabilities. Refer to Annex C (Operations) as required.

Space Force Enhancement. Identify space activities required to support the operation plan, including the following specific areas as applicable:

Satellite Communication. Describe the space operations communications plan. Ensure defensive space priorities for satellite communication links are established and coordinated based on operational priorities. Refer to Annex H (Signal) as required.

Remote Sensing/Environmental Monitoring. Identify and list meteorological, oceanographic, geodetic, and other environmental support information provided by space assets that affect space, air, surface, or subsurface activities and assets. Refer to Annex G (Engineer) as required.

Position, Navigation, and Timing. Provide navigational capabilities that would aid the transit of ships, aircraft, personnel, or ground vehicles and determine the course and distance traveled or position location. Provide global positioning system (GPS) accuracy to support GPS-aided munitions.

Information Collection. Provide information pertaining to friendly and enemy forces in or external to the operational areas that would aid in operations and force positioning. Refer to Annex L (Information Collection) as required.

Theater Missile Warning. Provide information on the notification of enemy ballistic missile or space-weapon attacks evaluated from available sensor and intelligence sources and the possible effect on the operational area. Provide notification of friendly ballistic missile launches and the impacts on the operational areas that would require early warning of affected friendly forces and an estimated point of impact for each launch. Establish provisions, in coordination with the air defense artillery officer, to disseminate information quickly throughout the operational areas. Refer to Annex B (Intelligence), Annex D (Fires), and Annex E (Protection) as required.

Space Control. Provide information on space-related activities, whether performed by space, air, or surface assets that ensure friendly forces and deny enemy forces the unrestricted use of space and space assets. Identify targetable enemy assets and limitations of targeting. Address all capabilities and effects related to offensive or defensive space control and space situational understanding requirements.

Nuclear Detonation. Provide information on the notification of detected nuclear detonations that might affect the operation and require evaluation as to yield and location. Refer to Annex B (Intelligence) as required.

Cyber Electromagnetic Activities. Integrate cyber electromagnetic activities to optimally synchronize their effects. Refer to Annex C (Operations) as required.

Special Technical Programs. Provide information on the organization and synchronization of the integrated Army and integrated joint special technical operations and alternate compensatory control measures plans in support of the commander’s objectives. Refer to Annex S (Special Technical Operations) as required.

Mission Command. Provide information and an assessment on friendly space reliance’s upon satellite communications, missile warning, and network architectures. Determine how organic unit systems and equipment rely upon these communications paths (architectures).

Tasks to Subordinate Units. List space tasks assigned to specific subordinate units not contained in the base plan or order. Refer to any tasks in base order.

Coordinating Instructions. List only instructions applicable to two or more subordinate units not covered in the base plan or order. Document coordination and reach back support requests in accordance with space coordinating authority guidance such as “Space Coordinating Plans” and other directives for the area of responsibility; include unique equipment sustainment and technical points of contact.

Sustainment. Identify priorities of sustainment for space operations key tasks and specify additional instructions as required. Refer to Annex F (Sustainment) as required.

Logistics. Identify unique sustainment requirements, procedures, and guidance to support space operations teams and operations. Specify procedures for specialized technical logistics support from external organizations as necessary. Use subparagraphs to identify priorities and specific instructions for space operations logistics support. Refer to Annex F (Sustainment) and Annex P (Host- Nation Support) as required.

Personnel. Use subparagraphs to identify priorities and specific instructions for human resources support, financial management, legal support, and religious support. Refer to Annex F (Sustainment) as required.

Health Service Support. Identify availability, priorities, and instructions for medical care. Refer to Annex F (Sustainment) as required.

Command and Signal.

Command.

Location of the Commander and Key Leaders. State the location of the commander and key space leaders such as the space coordinating authority, director of space forces, Joint Space Operations Center, electronic warfare officers, and other key reach back leaders.

Succession of Command. State the succession of command if not covered in the unit’s SOPs.

Liaison Requirements. State the space liaison requirements not covered in the unit’s standard operating procedures (SOPs), such as air component coordination element or multinational space officers.

Control.

Command Posts. Describe the employment of space command, control, and functional chains including their location and contact information.

Reports. List space related reports not covered in SOPs. Refer to any space coordinating authority concept of operations or guidance and Annex R (Reports) as required.

Signal. Address any space-specific communications requirements such as secure chat communications applications. These often require a lengthy approval process to tunnel through existing networks and should be specified well in advance. Refer to Annex H (Signal) as required.

(Acknowledge) ACKNOWLEDGE: Include only if attachment is distributed separately from the base plan or order.

(Sig Block) [Commander’s last name]

[Commander’s rank]

(Note) The commander or authorized representative signs the original copy. If the representative signs the original, add the phrase “For the Commander.” The signed copy is the historical copy and remains in the headquarters’ files.

(Official) OFFICIAL:

(Sig Block) [Authenticator’s name]

[Authenticator’s position]

(Note) Use only if the commander does not sign the original attachment. If the commander signs the original, no further authentication is required. If the commander does not sign, the signature of the preparing staff officer requires authentication and only the last name and rank of the commander appear in the signature block.

(Attachments) ATTACHMENTS List lower-level attachment (appendixes, tabs, and exhibits).

(Distribution) DISTRIBUTION: Show only if distributed separately from the base order or higher-level attachments.